They are not necessary for citizens of most of the countries in America and Western Europe. Citizens from Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Brasil and Chile are not required a passport or visa to enter Peru. In these cases, the allowed time of stay is 90 days (extendable by the immigration authorities).
For detailed information: check with the Peruvian Consulate in your country.
Telephone numbers and addresses are available at the website of the Peruvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: www.rree.gob.pe